What Is CMT-CFAP276?
CMT-CFAP276 is a type of CMT caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the CFAP276 gene. This gene encodes a calcium-regulating protein expressed in neurons and Schwann cells. Its precise role in maintaining peripheral nerve myelin is still being characterized. Mutations in the CFAP276 gene disrupt this function, leading to impaired nerve signal transmission.
CMT-CFAP276 is autosomal dominant, meaning that just one of the gene’s two copies needs a mutation to cause this subtype.
Clinical Features
The age of symptom onset in CMT-CFAP276 is variable, ranging from childhood to adulthood. Symptoms typically begin in the lower extremities and progress over time to involve the upper limbs. Nerve conduction studies usually show slowed conduction velocities, consistent with a demyelinating form of CMT.
CMT-CFAP276 symptoms may include:
- Weakness in the feet and lower legs
- Muscle atrophy
- Foot drop
- Reduced or absent reflexes
- Reduced sensation
- A steppage-style walking pattern
- Foot deformities, including high arches, and hammertoes (clawed toes)
- Progressive involvement of the hands and forearms
- Difficulty with fine motor skills and manual dexterity
- Additional symptoms not listed here
Disease Course
CMT-CFAP276 shows wide variability in severity and progression. Some individuals are mildly affected, while others develop a more severe disease. Disease progression is generally slow, and life expectancy is not reduced.
